Ferroboron ni icyuma kivanze kigizwe na boron nicyuma, bikoreshwa cyane mubyuma no gushiramo ibyuma.Ongeraho 0.07% B mubyuma birashobora kunoza cyane gukomera kwicyuma.Boron yiyongereyeho 18% Cr, 8% Ni ibyuma bidafite ingese nyuma yo kuvurwa birashobora gutuma imvura ikomera, bikongerera imbaraga ubushyuhe bwinshi nubukomere.Boron mu byuma bizagira ingaruka kuri grafite, bityo byongere ubujyakuzimu bwumwobo wera kugirango bikomere kandi byihangane.Ongeramo 0.001% ~ 0.005% boron kumashanyarazi yoroheje ningirakamaro mugukora wino ya spheroidal no kunoza ikwirakwizwa ryayo.Kugeza ubu, aluminiyumu nkeya na karuboni nkeya ya boron ni ibikoresho fatizo bya amorphous alloys.Ukurikije GB5082-87, boron yicyuma mubushinwa igabanyijemo karubone nkeya na karubone yo hagati ibyiciro bibiri byiciro 8.Ferroboron nigikoresho kinini kigizwe nicyuma, boron, silicon na aluminium.
Ferric boron nikintu gikomeye cya deoxidizer hamwe na boron yongerera ingufu mubyuma.Uruhare rwa boron mubyuma nugutezimbere cyane gukomera no gusimbuza umubare munini wibintu bivanga hamwe na boron nkeya gusa, kandi irashobora kandi kunoza imiterere yubukanishi, imiterere yimiterere ikonje, imiterere yo gusudira hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Ukurikije ibyerekeranye na karubone yibyuma bya boron birashobora kugabanywa murwego rwo hasi rwa karubone hamwe nicyiciro cya kabiri cya karubone ibyiciro bibiri, mubyiciro bitandukanye byibyuma.Ibigize imiti ya ferric boron iri mu mbonerahamwe 5-30.Caride fer ya boride ikozwe muburyo bwa thermit kandi ifite aluminiyumu nyinshi.Hagati ya karubone ya borone ikozwe na silicothermic process, hamwe na aluminiyumu nkeya hamwe na karubone nyinshi.Ibikurikira bizerekana ingingo zingenzi n'amateka yo gukoresha ibyuma bya boron.
Ubwa mbere, ingingo zingenzi zo gukoresha fer boron
Iyo ukoresheje icyuma cya boride, ingingo zikurikira zigomba kwitonderwa:
1. Ingano ya boron muri boron yicyuma ntabwo ari imwe, kandi itandukaniro ni rinini cyane.Igice kinini cya boron cyatanzwe mubisanzwe kiri hagati ya 2% na 6%.Kugirango ugenzure neza ibirimo boron, bigomba gusubirwamo mu itanura rya vacuum induction mbere yo gukoreshwa, hanyuma bigakoreshwa nyuma yo gusesengura;
2. Hitamo urwego rukwiye rwa boride ukurikije ibyuma bishonga.Iyo gushonga ibyuma birebire cyane bitagira umuyonga ku mashanyarazi ya kirimbuzi, karuboni nkeya, aluminiyumu nkeya, fosifore nkeya ya boron igomba guhitamo.Iyo gushonga boron irimo ibyuma byubatswe byubaka, icyuma giciriritse cyicyuma cya boride gishobora gutoranywa;
3. Igipimo cyo gukira kwa bor muri fer boride yagabanutse hamwe no kwiyongera kwa boron.Kugirango ubone igipimo cyiza cyo gukira, nibyiza guhitamo icyuma cya boride hamwe nibirimo bike bya boron.
Icya kabiri, amateka ya boron
Umwongereza David (H.Davy) kunshuro yambere kubyara boron na electrolysis.H.Moissan yakoze borate yo hejuru ya karubone mu itanura ry’amashanyarazi mu 1893. Mu myaka ya za 1920 hari patenti nyinshi zo gukora boride.Iterambere rya amorphous alloys hamwe nibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho mumyaka ya za 1970 byongereye icyifuzo cya boride.Mu mpera za 1950, Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’icyuma n’icyuma cy’Ubushinwa cyateje imbere icyuma cya boride hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa thermit.Nyuma, Jilin, Jinzhou, Liaoyang nibindi bicuruzwa byinshi, nyuma ya 1966, ahanini byakozwe na Liaoyang.Mu 1973, boron yicyuma yakozwe nitanura ryamashanyarazi i Liaoyang.Mu 1989, icyuma gito cya aluminium-boron cyakozwe hakoreshejwe itanura ry'amashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-17-2023